The costs of achieving climate targets and the sources of uncertainty

Nature Climate Change, Published online: 23 March 2020; doi:10.1038/s41558-020-0732-1

Costs of achieving climate targets are uncertain. A metamodel estimates the median costs of limiting warming to 2 °C and 1.5 °C to be US$15 trillion and US$30 trillion. Uncertainty in emissions reductions costs dominates at these levels; climate system uncertainty dominates at higher warming levels.